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A absolute universals 絕對共性[廖328]absolute case 通格[廖204]abstract construct 抽象結(jié)構(gòu)[廖235]accessibility hierachy 辨認度[廖27]acceptability 可接受性[廖373]accommodation 讓步,適應[陶]accompaniment adverb 交與副詞[呂239]accomplishment 結(jié)束[陳147 159]accusative 受事格[廖346]accusative object 受事賓語[呂240]achievement 成就[陳147]act 行為[廖236]act sequence 信息內(nèi)容與形式[陶] actional predicate 動作謂語[呂240]activated 被激發(fā)的[廖396 402]active 主動格[陳108]activity 活動[陳147 157]actual 實際[廖375]adequacy 切應性[陳51]adjacency 鄰接關(guān)系[呂240]adjacency pairs 語對[陶]adjective 形容詞[呂240]adjunct string 附加語符列[陳45]adjuncts 修飾語[廖27]adjusment model 調(diào)整模式[陳41]adposition 介詞[呂240]advanced 高等[陶]adverb 副詞[呂240]adverb-fronting 副詞前移[呂240]adverb-lowering 副詞下降[呂240]affective 表情(作用)[陳9]affix 詞綴[呂240]Afrikanns 阿富堪斯[陶]age grading 年齡級差[陶]agent 施事[呂240]agglutinating 粘著型[廖331]agglutinative 粘著型[陳107]agreement 一致[呂240]agreement maxim 同意的準則[廖369]AI(artificial intelligence) 人工智能[廖235]allocation of function 功能的分配[陶]allocation of use 用途的分配[陶]ambiguity 歧義[呂240]ambiguity maxim 歧義準則[廖370]American Council on Teaching Foreign Languages (ACTFL) 美國外語教學委員會[陶]American Institutes of Research 美國研究所[陶]analogues 模擬詞[廖408]analytic 分析型[陳107]analytic causative 分析式使成式[廖345]anaphor 回指對象[陳182] anaphora 指稱替代[廖236] 回指形式[陳182] anaphoric reference 回指[陳121 181][呂240]animacy 生命度[廖326 332 347 352]antecedent 先行詞[陳182] 被代詞[呂240]anterior 先事時[陳173]anterior future 先事將來時[陳174]anterior past 先事過去時[陳174]anterior present 先事現(xiàn)在時[陳174]anthropological 人類學的[廖235]anthropology 人類學[陶]Antigua 西印度群島上的安梯瓜[陶]antipodals 對跖詞[廖413]antonym 兩極詞[廖412]antonymy 兩極關(guān)系[廖417] apparent time 顯象時間[陶]appositive clause 同位小句[呂240]approbation maxim 表揚的準則[廖369]appropriateness 合適性[廖374]得體性[陶]arbitrary 任意的[陶]archiphoneme 原音位[陳10]argument 論元[陳84 196] 參與者[呂240] argument position 論元位[陳104]argumentation 論辯體[廖124]argumentative 論證[廖236]argumentative structure 論證結(jié)構(gòu)[廖237]Aroucanians 智利的阿勞卡尼人[陶]article 冠詞[呂240]aspect 時態(tài)[陳143] 態(tài)[呂240] 體[陶] assert 肯定[呂240]assertion 肯定[呂240] assertive 斷言的[廖425]assign 分配[呂240]associated typology 關(guān)聯(lián)類型學[廖331]atomic structure of sentences 句子的原始結(jié)構(gòu)[呂240]attach to 系附于[呂240]attenuated 較單薄的[廖61]attributes 屬性[廖435 449]attributive relative clause 修飾性關(guān)系小句[呂240]audience design 聽眾設(shè)計[陶]augmented transition network 擴展的轉(zhuǎn)移網(wǎng)絡(luò)[廖379]authentic 真實材料[陶]automatic translation 自動翻譯[陳96]autonomous syntax 自主的句法[廖236]Autosegmental Phonology 自分音系理論[陶]auxiliary verb 助動詞[呂240]B Baby Talk娃娃腔 [陶]back-channel 襯托型反饋形式[陶]backgrounding 抑退[呂240]Bahasa Indonesia 巴薩印尼話[陶]ballooning(of rules) (規(guī)則)膨脹[呂240]banter principle 逗樂原則[廖369]bare noun 光桿名詞[陳129]basic level 基本層次[廖417]basic level terms 典型層次詞[廖436]Basque 巴斯克語[陶]Bazaar Malay 集市馬來話[陶]begging 乞求[陶]behavioral norm 行為規(guī)范[陳106]Berber 柏柏爾語[陶]beyond sentence grammar 超句語法[廖234]bi-cultural 雙文化[陶]bidialectalism 雙方言[陶]bilingual 說雙語的人[陶]bilingualism 雙語[陶]biunique 一一對應[陳11]bounded 有界的[陳168]boundedness 封閉性[廖438]bracketing 加括[呂241]brand new 全新的[廖399]bundle of features 特征束[陳10]C camaraderie 同志式的[陶]cardinal reference-point 主要元音參考點[廖318]case-marker 格標記[呂241]case marking 格標記[廖340]Catalan 加泰窿語[陶]cataphoric reference 反指[陳206]catastrophic change 劇變,災變[陶]catastrophism 劇變說,災變說[陶]categorize 類化[陳103]categorization 范疇化[廖449]category 范疇[廖449][呂241]causal 因果性[陳117]causative construction 使成結(jié)構(gòu)[廖326 344]cause adverb 原因副詞[呂241]causee 使成者[廖345]causer 肇事者[廖345]center string 中心語符列[陳45]change in progress 進行中的變化[陶]chunk 信息塊[陳89]circumstantial role 附帶成分[陳183]circumstantials 隨遇成分[廖27]citation 引用[廖359]clarity principle 清楚原則[廖370]class 類[陳128]classical 古語[陶]class-inclusion 類包括[呂241]classes of words 詞類[呂241]classification 分類體[廖124]clause 小句[廖236][呂241]clause-internal rules 小句內(nèi)部規(guī)則[呂241]cleft sentence 分裂句[陳240]clefting 分裂[呂241]closed network 封閉網(wǎng)絡(luò)[陶]cluster 詞群[廖408]code 代碼[呂241]code norm 代碼規(guī)范[陳105]code-switching 語碼轉(zhuǎn)換[陶]codification 標準的健全[陶]coding 表現(xiàn)[陳163]coding device 編碼手段[呂241]cognitive content 認識內(nèi)容[呂241]cognitive correspondence 認知對應原則[陳104]cognitive function 認識功能[呂241]cognitive information 認知信息[陶]cognitive representation theory 認知表現(xiàn)理論[陳104]cognitive science 認知科學[廖380]cognitive synonymy 認知同義關(guān)系[廖406]coherence 意義連貫[廖373]cohesion 形式連貫[廖373]cohesive relationship 連貫關(guān)系[廖399]collaborative finish 合作完成式[陶]collocational restrictions 習慣性搭配限制[廖408]command 統(tǒng)御[陳68]comment 論述,陳述[廖333 396][陳187] 說明[呂241]commissives 承諾[廖423]common focus 共喻圈[呂242]common knowledge 共同知識[呂242]communication 傳信[廖379]communication accommodation theory, CAT 交際適應理論[陶]communicative competence 交際能力[廖278]communicative force 實際用義[廖357]communicative language teaching 交際語言教學[陶]compactness 簡潔[呂242]comparative 比較[呂242]compatibility 并存關(guān)系[廖407]competence 語言能力[陳18] 能耐[呂242]complementaries 互補詞[廖411]complements 補足成分[廖27] 補語[呂242]complementizer 成形劑[呂242]complex change 復變[陳160]complex-NP-shift 復雜NP移位[呂242]complex sentence 復雜句[呂242]componentialist 要素分析者[廖438]compound interdependent 合成型[陶]compression rules 壓縮規(guī)則[呂242]conative function 使動功能[廖313]conceptual dependency 概念從屬(語法)[陳101]concord 一致[呂242]conditional adverb 條件副詞[呂242]conditional coherence 條件連貫[陳83]configuration 構(gòu)型[廖438]configurationality 組合性[陳108]congruence relations 一致關(guān)系[廖406]congruent 一致性[陶]congruent meronym 一致部件[廖407]conjoinability 可連接性[廖27]conjunction 連詞/聯(lián)合[呂242]conjunction-reduction 省并[呂242]connectivers 連接成分[廖451]constituency rules 組成成分規(guī)則[廖314]constituent class 成分類別[陳41]constituent ellipsis 成分省略[廖14]constituent insertion 成分插入[陶]constituent order 結(jié)構(gòu)成分順序[廖334]constitutive principles 構(gòu)成原則[廖373]constant 常量[呂242]constraints 限制[廖328] 約束[呂242]construction grammar 結(jié)構(gòu)語法[廖281]containment 包含[廖483]contemporary 當代[陶]content form 內(nèi)容形式[陳9]content mode 內(nèi)容表達式[廖359]content substance 內(nèi)容實體[陳9]context 語境,上文[廖236 395]context of situation 言語情景;情景的上下文[陶]context-dependent structure/system 依靠語境的結(jié)構(gòu)/系統(tǒng)[廖236]context-free rule 不受上下文約束的規(guī)則[呂242]context of situation 語境[廖319]context-sensitive rule 受上下文約束的規(guī)則[呂242]contextual relations 語境關(guān)系[廖404]contextual style 場合語體[陶]contextualization cues 語境線索[陶]continuity 連續(xù)性[陳187]continuous variable 連續(xù)變量[陶]continuum 連續(xù)體[陳64 162]contraction 語音省縮[呂242]contrary 指反[陳217]contrastive prominence 對比重音[呂242]control 自控力[廖332]convergence 靠近[陶]conversation 會話[廖236]conversational analysis,CA 對話分析[廖235] 會話分析[陶]conversational implicatures 話語蘊含[陶]conversational postulates 對話原則[廖361]converse 逆反詞[廖413]co-occurrence constraint 共現(xiàn)約束[呂242]cooperative principle 合作原則[廖179 357]co-ordinate independent 并存型[陶]coordinate structure 并列結(jié)構(gòu)[呂242]copula verb 系詞[呂242]coreference 同一性關(guān)系[陳182]corpus planning 語型規(guī)劃[陶]corrected mean 修正均值[陶]correspondence 對應[廖365]co-taxonyms 同類分類詞[廖409]counteractive 反動關(guān)系[廖412]counterparts 對應詞[廖413]covert prestige 隱威信[陶]creole 克里奧語,混合語[陶]criterial 判別性的[廖404]cross-cultural communication 跨文化的交際[陶]crossover 超越[陶]cultivation 培養(yǎng)[陶]current 鄰接的[廖399]cycle 輪轉(zhuǎn)[呂243]cyclic application 循環(huán)使用[廖317]contrastive features 區(qū)別特征[陶]D data 數(shù)據(jù)[廖236]dative 與格[廖346]Davidian 達羅毗荼[陶]declaratives 宣告句[廖420] declarative sentence 陳述句[呂243]de-creolization 克里奧爾脫化[陶]de-creolization continuum 克里奧爾脫化連續(xù)體[陶]deep structure 深層結(jié)構(gòu)[呂243]default 常規(guī)選擇[廖373]deferent 敬重[陶]Deficit Hypothesis 語言缺陷論[陶]definite 有定[廖40]definiteness 定指度[廖342]definiteness of subject and object 主語和賓語的限定[廖237]degree-terms 程度詞[廖411]deictic 指示詞[呂243]deixis 指示詞[廖195]deletion rules 消除規(guī)則[呂243]delicacy 精細度[廖319]demonstrative structure 論證結(jié)構(gòu)[廖451]deontic modality 義務(wù)情態(tài)[廖419]dependency relation 依賴關(guān)系[呂243]derivational morphology 衍生構(gòu)詞[廖316] 構(gòu)詞形態(tài)[呂243]derived sentence 派生句[呂243]derived structure 派生結(jié)構(gòu)[呂243]description 描寫體[廖124]descriptive structuer 描寫結(jié)構(gòu)[廖237] descriptivists 描寫學派[廖308 322][陳11 35]design features 圖案成分[廖309]destressing 輕音化[呂243]determiner 區(qū)別詞[呂243]deviation 偏離[陶]diachronic derivability 歷時可導性[陳116]diagram 圖解[呂243]dialect 方言[陶]dialect geography 方言地理學[廖264]dialectology 方言學[廖262]dialogic 對話性[陶]dialogue 對話[廖234 236]differentiable 可區(qū)分的[廖408]diglossia 雙言制[陶]dimension 標度[廖211]dimensional model 層面模式[陳109]direct illocutions 直接表達式[廖361]direct object 直接賓語[呂243]directional adverb 趨向副詞[呂243]directives 指令[廖423]direct speech 直接句[廖360]discourse 對話[廖379] 言談[呂243]discourse analysis 篇章分析[廖181 234 310][陳25 55]discourse connectedness 篇章連貫[廖236]discourse connectives 篇章連接[廖236 237]discourse for special occasions 特別場合的篇章[廖236]discourse-functional syntax 篇章-功能句法[廖236]discourse-functionally motivated structure/system有篇章-功能理據(jù)的結(jié)構(gòu)/系統(tǒng)[廖237]discourse genres 篇章類型[廖236]discourse intonation 篇章語調(diào)[廖236]discourse organization 篇章結(jié)構(gòu)[廖236]discourse particles 篇章詞[廖236]discourse perspective on syntax 篇章觀點看句法[廖237]discourse predicate 篇章謂詞[廖236 237]discourse scope 篇章管界[廖236 237]discourse units 篇章單位[廖236]discovery procedure 發(fā)現(xiàn)過程[廖309] 發(fā)現(xiàn)程序[陳11 43]discrete 離散的[廖332]displaced 間隔的[廖399]dissonance 不和諧[廖416]distant 距離,保持距離[陶]distinctive features 區(qū)別成分[廖317]distinctive feature theory 區(qū)別成分理論[廖313]distributionalists 分布學派[陳11]distribution universals 分布共性[廖338]divergence 分離[陶]Document Design Project, DDP 文獻設(shè)計計劃[陶]doing 做事[陶]domain 認知領(lǐng)域[廖438]domain of predication 表述界域[呂243]domain of transformations 轉(zhuǎn)換界域[呂243]domain theory 語域理論[陶]dominances 處理中心[廖373]dominant 顯性[陳115]double articulation 雙重分節(jié)[陳113]doublet 詞對[廖408]dummy filler 傀儡成分[呂244]durative 持續(xù)[陳152]dynamic process 動態(tài)過程[陳64]E early modern 現(xiàn)代早期[陶]ease of processing 循索的便利[呂244]eclectic 折中調(diào)和[陳70]economy principle 簡練原則[廖370]effectiveness 有效性[廖374]efficiency 簡易性[廖373]efficient 高效性[陳40]elaborated code 復雜語碼[陶]elaboration 標準的擴建[陶]elementary sentence 初級句[陳45]ellipsis 省略[廖14 236]ellipsis of arguments and frams 主目和框架的省略[廖237]embed sentence 嵌入句[呂244]embedded construction 嵌套結(jié)構(gòu)[陶]empirical evidence 立論依據(jù)[陳16]empty category 空語類[陳17]encode 表現(xiàn)[陳22]end-focus maxim 焦點在尾準則[廖359 370]endocentric 內(nèi)中心[呂244]endoglossic 本土的[陶]endonym 被包含詞[廖408]ends 目標與效果[陶] end-scope maxim 轄域在尾準則[廖370]end-weight maxim 重心在尾準則[廖359 370]entail 包含[廖194]entailment 包含關(guān)系[廖404]entity 實體[廖435][陳120]episodic memory 情節(jié)記憶[廖376]epistemic modality 知識情態(tài)[廖419]equi-NP-deletion 等名消除[呂244]equipollent antonyms 均等詞[廖412]ergative-absolutive system 施-受格系統(tǒng)[廖333]ergative case 作格[廖204][陳108]ergativity 作格格局[廖196]ethnicity 民族[陶]ethno- 民族,民俗[陶]ethnographical 人群學的[廖235]ethnography of communication 交際民族志學[陶]ethnography of speaking 言語民族志學;交際人種志學[陶]ethnomethodological 民族學的[廖235]ethnomethodology 民俗方法論[陶]European Community 歐洲共同體[陶]evaluated participation, EP 參與估價[陶]evaluation 評價體[廖124] 評價[陶]evaluatives 評價[廖423]event 事件[廖236]evidence 驗證[呂244]evoked 激發(fā)的[廖399 402]exchange 交換[廖236]excluded 排斥的[廖404]exemplar 樣本[廖435]existential sentence 存在句,呈現(xiàn)句[呂244]exocentric 外中心[呂244]exoglossic 外來的[陶]exonym 包含詞[廖408]expansion rule 擴展規(guī)則[呂244]expected 預期的[廖404]experiencer 感受者[廖332]expert category 專業(yè)范疇[廖437]explicit 明確[陳37]expository 說明,說明體[124 236]exposition 說明體[廖124]expression form 表達形式[陳9]expression substance 表達實體[陳9]expressive discourse 抒情體[廖124]expressive function 表情功能[廖313]expressity principle 表達力原則[廖370]extended performative hypothesis 擴展表述句式假說[廖361]extraposition 外位[呂244]F factive 敘實[呂244]factivity 實事性[呂244]falsification 證偽[陳26]family resemblance 家庭成員相似性[廖434]family resemblance category 家庭成員相似范疇[廖439]family tree theory 家族樹理論[陳5]feature 特征[廖449]feature norm 特征規(guī)范[陳106]feedback 反饋[陶]field 場域[陳79] 范圍[陶]figure 人物[廖161]finished product 成品[陳86]finite-state grammar 有限狀態(tài)語法[陳49]first pair part 上聯(lián)[陶]flagged 插旗式,標記性[陶]flectional 融合性[廖331]Flemish 荷蘭語的佛來米語[陶]focus 焦點[廖332][陳65]focus of information 信息焦點[陳235]focusing rules 聚焦規(guī)則[呂244]folk category 通俗范疇[廖437]folk taxonomy 民俗分類結(jié)構(gòu)[廖409]force 動力,用意[廖332 357 360]foregrounding 突出[呂244]Foreign Service Institute美國外交學院[陶]foreigner talk 外國人腔[陶]formalism 形式主義[廖452]formalist 形式主義學派[陳14]formalist functionalism 形式功能主義[廖357]formal universals 形式共性[廖327]formation rules 成形規(guī)則[呂244]formulaic 套語性[陳112]forms of communication 交際形式[陶]forms of speech 言語形式[陶]fossilize 僵化[陶]frame 框架[廖400 438 451][陳82] 交際框架[陶]framing 框架[陶]frequency adverb 頻次副詞[呂245]fronting 前化[陳6]fronting rules 移前規(guī)則[呂245]full turn 正式的話輪[陶]function assignment 功能分配[陳96]function of communication 交際功能[陶]functional coherence 功能連貫[廖236][陳83]functional communicative activities 功能性交流活動[陶]functionalism 功能主義[廖452]functionalist 功能主義學派[陳14]functional sentence perspective 功能的句子透視[廖374][陳56]function yield 功能值[廖313]functor-content hierarchy 虛-實詞等級[廖338]future 將來時[陳173]G gapping 缺略[呂245]gender 性[呂245]general 普遍性[陳40]general linguistics 普通語言學[廖274 320]general linguistic theory 普通/遍語言理論[廖275]general pragmatis 普通語用法[廖365]Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar 普遍短語結(jié)構(gòu)語法[陳14]generate 概括,定義,規(guī)范[廖314 322] 生成[呂245]generation difference 代差[陶]generative grammar 生成語法[廖322]generative phonology 生成音系學[廖318]generative sementics 生成語義學[廖345][陳19 59]generative syntax 生成句法學[廖318]genres 言語體裁[陶] generic 通指[陳119 167]generic level 屬層[廖409]generosity maxim 寬宏的準則[廖369]genetic 起源性[陳116]genetic linguistics 譜系語言學[陳109]gerund formation 動名詞形成[呂245]gerundivization 動名詞化[呂245]given information 已知信息[陳78 187 234]global coherence 總體連貫[陳83]globally 總的[廖359]glossematics 語符學[廖316 322]glosseme 語符[陳9]goal 對象[呂245]Government and Binding 支配與約束理論[陳14]grade-terms 漸變詞/成分[廖411][陳162]gradualism 均變說[陶]grammar 語法[廖357 371]grammaticality 合乎語法[廖314]grammaticality judgement 語法判別能力[陶]grammaticalization 語法化[陳23]grammaticalness 合語法性[呂245]Great Vowel Shift 元音大換位[陶]H Hausa 豪薩語[陶]head 中心語[陳45]hearsay 聽說[廖421]heavier element principle 大塊頭原則[呂245]hedge 模棱話[陶]hedges 邊界詞[廖437]heterogeneity 復雜性或異質(zhì)性[陶]heterogeneous 異質(zhì)的[陳152]hierarchical structure 層次構(gòu)造/結(jié)構(gòu)[陳28 39]hierarchy 等級結(jié)構(gòu)[廖328 408]hierarchy of accessibility to relativization關(guān)系子句化的可即度等級[廖343]hierarchy of individuation 個體化等級[廖348]hierarchy of saliency 顯著性等級[廖348]high key 高音[廖441]high variety 高變體[陶]higher mental function 高級智力功能[陶]higher-order predicate 高次位詞[陳196]Hindi 印地語[陶]historical linguistics 歷史語言學[廖349]holistic typology 整體類型[廖331]homogeneous 均質(zhì)的[陳152] 同質(zhì)的[陶]hortatory 規(guī)勸/誘導體[廖124 236]hypercorrection 矯枉過正[陶]hypoconverse 下逆反詞[廖407]hyponymy 下義關(guān)系[廖406]I ICAO 國際民航組織[陶]idea unit 思想單位[陳102]ideal speaker 理想的說話人[廖308]ideational 表義部分[廖358] 意念成分[陳78]ideational function 表義功能[廖364]identical deletion 承前刪除[廖14]identifiable 定指[陳119]identifying function 鑒別功能[呂246]idiolect 個人語言[陳26]idiomaticity 慣用性質(zhì)[陳111]ill-formed 非完美形式[陳48] 不協(xié)調(diào)[呂246]illocutions 行事作用[陳96]immediate constituents 直接成分[陳36]imperative sentence 命令句[呂246]imperfective 不完全態(tài)[陳177] 未完成態(tài)[呂246]Implementation 標準的實施[陶]implicate 蘊含[陶]implicational hierarchy 蘊含層級[廖433]implicational universals 蘊含共性[廖327 328][陳108]implicature 會話蘊含,含義,蘊含義[廖195 365 395][陳65]improbability 不可能[廖416]inappropriateness 不合適[廖408]inceptive 始事態(tài)[呂246]inclusive 包容性[陳40]incompatibility 排斥關(guān)系[廖407]incongruence 不調(diào)合[廖408]incongruent非一致性[陶]incoroporating 聚合型[廖331]incrementation 增長[呂246]indefinite-agent-deletion 無定施事消除[呂246]indefinite article 無定冠詞[呂246]indefinite-NP-deletion 無定名詞短語消除[呂246]in-depth 深探式[陳27]index 指標[陶]index of fusion 融合度[廖331]index of status characteristics, ISC地位特征指數(shù)[陶]index of synthesis 合成度[廖331]indexical information 特征信息[陶]indexical meaning 檢索意義[陶]indexicality of sign 符號的引得屬性[陶]indicative 直陳語氣[呂246]indicator 指示項[陶]indirect converse 間接逆反詞[廖413]indirect illocutions 間接表達式[廖361]indirect speech 間接句[廖360]indirect speech act 間接講話行為[廖361]individual 單指[陳119] 個體[陳128]inference 推論[廖395]inferrable 可推導的[廖399]inflected 曲折型[陳107]inflection 構(gòu)形變化[呂246]inflectional morphology 構(gòu)形形態(tài)[呂246]information structure 信息結(jié)構(gòu)[陳66]information theory 信息論[陶]information unit 信息單位[陳66 78]informativity 信息度[廖373]inherent 固有的[陶]inner city 內(nèi)城[陶]innateness 天賦論[廖328]insertion rules 插入規(guī)則[呂246]instantiate 例示[廖435]instrumental adverb 工具副詞[呂246]instrumentalities 交際工具[陶]instantiation 體現(xiàn)[陳77]intellectual revolution 知識革命[陶]intelligibility 可懂度[陶]intensifier 強度副詞[呂246]intensional verb 愿望副詞[呂246]intention 意圖[呂246]intentionality 有目的性[廖373]interaction 相互影響[廖236] 交流,互動[陶]interactional 相互作用的[廖394] 交流大綱[陶]interactive 互動關(guān)系[廖412]interest principle 有趣原則[廖369]interjection 嘆詞[呂246]interlanguage 中介語[陶]interlinguistics 語際語言學[陳96]intermediate 中等[陶]interpersonal 人際成分[陳78]interpersonal rhetoric 人際修辭[廖358 363]inter-personal variation 個人之間的變異[陶]interpretive semanticists 解釋語義學派[陳19]interr