一、牛津劍橋需要什么樣的學(xué)生?1) Exceptional academic record: true Oxbridge candidates areself-selecting and exceptional. A*/A grades are not a reliable indicator. Whatmakes this candidate uniqueWhat do their teachers see in class and in theirwork 學(xué)術(shù)條件優(yōu)秀:成績(jī)不是萬能的,但沒有成績(jī)是萬萬不能的。
2) Character: Oxbridge does not suit every highly talented student.Will they be happy thereHow do they cope with being wrong or average atsomething 個(gè)性:牛劍不一定適合所有天才學(xué)生,他們要適應(yīng)“平庸”。3) An ‘Oxbridge’ brain: different and original ways of thinking – aswell as seeing the standard answers. These students can critically analyse andengage with new material immediately and make new links and hypotheses bydrawing upon, perhaps seemingly unrelated, knowledge they already possess. Theyare also self-aware and know the limits of the knowledge they have.思維:不同尋常的思維方式——利用已有知識(shí),批判性地分析,把看似無關(guān)的東西,用假設(shè)和求證,建立新的聯(lián)系。(摘自阿貝高中校長(zhǎng)Lucy Sweatman演講內(nèi)容)二、 牛津、劍橋大學(xué)全方位對(duì)比?1)術(shù)業(yè)有專攻:牛津大學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)分別在不同的學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域引領(lǐng)科研實(shí)力,如公認(rèn)的劍橋以數(shù)學(xué)見長(zhǎng),牛津以PPE(哲學(xué)/政治/經(jīng)濟(jì))見長(zhǎng)。就算是共同的研究領(lǐng)域,其取得的學(xué)術(shù)成果也不盡相同,如英國(guó)歷史專業(yè),牛津?qū)?6世紀(jì)研究深入,劍橋則在17世紀(jì)成果斐然。2)獨(dú)特專業(yè)開設(shè):如著名的PPE(哲學(xué)/政治/經(jīng)濟(jì)),只在牛津大學(xué)開設(shè),而ASNC(Anglo-Saxon, Norse, and Celtic盎格魯撒克遜、挪威語(yǔ)和凱爾特文化)和HSPS(Human, Socialand Political Sciences人文、社會(huì)和政治科學(xué))則只在劍橋開設(shè)。3)申請(qǐng)過程、評(píng)估和面試的細(xì)微差別:后文詳述。4) 學(xué)生偏好:如有的學(xué)生喜歡劍橋的景色,有的學(xué)生喜歡牛津的文化;有的學(xué)生喜歡牛津的住宿,有的喜歡劍橋的餐廳……總之,按照自己重視的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選擇,總不會(huì)錯(cuò)。Follow Your Heart.劍橋大學(xué)非常貼心的做了一個(gè)牛劍對(duì)比專題,可以更加深入詳細(xì)的了解:-out-more/teachers-and-parents/oxford-and-cambridge-similarities-and-differences三、 申請(qǐng)因素比重:1) 牛津大學(xué)申請(qǐng)過程關(guān)注的因素:牛津大學(xué)評(píng)估學(xué)生是否能錄取,最看重三個(gè)方面的因素:思維能力評(píng)估筆試分?jǐn)?shù)、GCSE(英國(guó)中學(xué)前2年)分?jǐn)?shù)、A-Level的預(yù)測(cè)分?jǐn)?shù),而最不重要的是兩方面:AS階段已取得分?jǐn)?shù)和UCAS申請(qǐng)中的PS(個(gè)人陳述),推薦信居于中間位置。2) 劍橋大學(xué)申請(qǐng):1) Greater chance of securing an interview – over 80% of candidates areinterviewed.收到面試的幾率更大,80%的候選人將被面試;2) You need to complete aSupplementary Application Questionnaire (SAQ) and are likely to need to sit anadditional test (subject dependent).需要補(bǔ)充申請(qǐng)問題SAQ,需要額外筆試;3) Previous grades play a greaterrole in the decision.相對(duì)于牛津,劍橋更加看重以往成績(jī);4) Candidates should expectdebate/alternative ways of viewing a problem in their interviews regardless ofsubject.面試中將重視面試者的辯證思維和多維解決問題的思路。
四、申請(qǐng)流程:1) 選擇學(xué)院:一般在選擇了專業(yè)之后,就需要選擇學(xué)院了(或者Open Application開放申請(qǐng))。劍橋有32個(gè)學(xué)院可選,牛津有43個(gè)學(xué)院可選。雖然叫做學(xué)院,但是牛津劍橋的學(xué)院更像是一個(gè)提供學(xué)術(shù)輔導(dǎo)的社區(qū)。各學(xué)院的教育水平是沒有差異的,雖然有些學(xué)院有自己的特色——如劍橋三一學(xué)院以數(shù)學(xué)見長(zhǎng)。在信息時(shí)代,網(wǎng)上可以查詢到任何所需要的信息,比如牛津劍橋各學(xué)院的錄取率。但其實(shí)沒有必要沉迷于研究學(xué)院錄取率,畢竟錄取率其實(shí)也沒有那么大的差異,而且25%的申請(qǐng)人都會(huì)被Pooled(調(diào)劑)。2) 筆試及準(zhǔn)備:牛津、劍橋大學(xué)筆試注冊(cè)時(shí)間都是9月1日至10月15日。筆試時(shí)間都是11月2日。關(guān)于筆試準(zhǔn)備,當(dāng)然最重要的是按時(shí)注冊(cè)。另外需要注意,海外學(xué)生的注冊(cè)時(shí)間和筆試時(shí)間可能略有不同,注意關(guān)注牛津劍橋大學(xué)各自的官網(wǎng)。目前在網(wǎng)上可以找到大量的筆試題目——TSA、PAT、MAT針對(duì)各種學(xué)科的各種題目,牛津大學(xué)比較多,因?yàn)楣P試組織了許多年,劍橋大學(xué)相對(duì)少一些,只有近兩年的,但也足夠用了。3) 面試及技巧參加面試有以下幾點(diǎn)Tips給你:1)不要害怕:There are much stricter rules in place now about what is and isn’tallowed in Oxbridge interviews. All interviews are fair and seek to get themost out of the student.2)思維方式>正確Oxbridge interviewers are more interested in HOW a student thinksthan whether they get the answer right (if indeed there is a right answer).3)跳出舒適區(qū):Candidates SHOULD be asked things they don’t know.4)接受窮盡式提問:Candidates SHOULD get things wrong.最后記住一條:"If a candidate is still pondering a question a week later, it isprobably a good sign!”——如果你面試后一周還在耿耿于懷面試中的問題,這很有可能是即將被錄取的信號(hào)!有哪些變態(tài)面試問題?來圍觀下:1) Here is a list of three compounds,A, B and C. Which one is most soluble (A, B and C will be specific simple compounds which the candidates shouldrecognise.)這是一個(gè)三個(gè)化合物,A,B和C的列表,哪一個(gè)是最可溶的?(a、b和c將是考生應(yīng)識(shí)別的具體的簡(jiǎn)單復(fù)合詞。)2) Here'sa cactus. Tell me about it.這是仙人掌。可以給我講講它嗎?3) Ifyou could save either the rainforests or the coral reefs, which would youchoose 如果你能拯救熱帶雨林或珊瑚礁,你會(huì)選擇哪一個(gè)?4) Ladybirdsare red. So are strawberries. Why 瓢蟲是紅色的,草莓也是紅色的。為什么?5) Dobankers deserve the pay they receiveAnd should government do something tolimit how much they get 銀行家應(yīng)該得到報(bào)酬嗎?政府應(yīng)該做些什么來限制他們得到多少錢嗎?6) Placea 30cm ruler on top of one finger from each hand so that you have one finger ateach end of the ruler, and the ruler is resting on your fingertips. Whathappens when you bring your fingers together 一個(gè)30cm直尺上從各個(gè)方面讓你有一個(gè)手指在尺兩端各一根手指,和直尺擱在你的指尖。當(dāng)你把手指放在一起會(huì)發(fā)生什么?7)Tellme about [this literary work you have mentioned in your UCAS personalstatement]告訴我一些關(guān)于UCAS中你的個(gè)人陳述的事情好嗎?8) Imaginewe had no records about the past at all, except everything to do with sport –how much of the past could we find out about 想象一下,除了關(guān)于運(yùn)動(dòng)的一切,我們沒有關(guān)于過去的記錄——我們能了解多少過去?五、 對(duì)申請(qǐng)者的建議:1) 廣泛閱讀:在自己感興趣的領(lǐng)域,學(xué)一些書本上不會(huì)教的東西。重點(diǎn)在于一定是感興趣的領(lǐng)域,這樣才能轉(zhuǎn)化成自己的語(yǔ)言,能夠敘述出來。2) 參加競(jìng)賽:參加競(jìng)賽,不在于其獲得的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),最有用的是準(zhǔn)備過程。準(zhǔn)備過程,可以拓展所學(xué)知識(shí),可以延伸閱讀,可以取得可視化可衡量的成果。而且說不定還能給予靈感,創(chuàng)造更有價(jià)值的東西。3) 面試模擬:為了克服面試的恐懼心理,也為了熟悉面試流程,在壓力下逐漸學(xué)會(huì)釋放自己,建議盡量選擇陌生人做面試官,根據(jù)歷年面試題目做情境模擬