IB心理學(xué)paper1考試包括三個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短回答問(wèn)題SAQ和擴(kuò)展回答問(wèn)題ERQ。每個(gè)視角有一個(gè)SAQ,一個(gè)小時(shí)完成所有三個(gè)SAQ,每個(gè)SAQ值9分,總共27分。對(duì)于很多學(xué)生來(lái)講SAQ題目是一大難點(diǎn),今天我就來(lái)為大家討論一下心理學(xué)SAQ的答題套路并與大家分享一個(gè)模范回答。
一、時(shí)間分配
Paper1有三個(gè)SAQ(短問(wèn)題)和一個(gè)三選一的ERQ(長(zhǎng)問(wèn)題),而總時(shí)間是兩小時(shí),一般,ERQ至少要一個(gè)小時(shí)。因?yàn)樗刃枰獙?xiě)大綱的時(shí)間,又需要寫(xiě)作的時(shí)間。那么,三個(gè)SAQ加起來(lái)一個(gè)小時(shí),一個(gè)SAQ最多20分鐘。
建議大家優(yōu)先做SAQ,因?yàn)橄鄬?duì)于ERQ,SAQ更好拿分,而且SAQ整體難度和用腦力都比ERQ低很多。兩小時(shí)的考試還是一場(chǎng)持久戰(zhàn),所以同學(xué)們要有技巧,先做簡(jiǎn)單的,保持腦力,然后去挑戰(zhàn)大boss,不要一上去就單挑ERQ,不然你會(huì)一敗涂地!
二、內(nèi)容分配
學(xué)Psych的同學(xué)都知道Psych的課程分為三大板塊 (approach),生物(biological approach),認(rèn)知(cognitive approach)和社會(huì)文化(social-cultural),而三個(gè)SAQ恰恰對(duì)應(yīng)著三個(gè)板塊。
通常,三個(gè)SAQ的順序?yàn)?,生物,認(rèn)知,然后社會(huì)文化。因?yàn)樯鐣?huì)文化討論的是社會(huì)和行為關(guān)系,而生物和認(rèn)知討論的是大腦與行為的關(guān)系,而社會(huì)比大腦復(fù)雜多了,所以難度也較高。而且研究生物和認(rèn)知方面的study都大同小異,且其中的概念較少也好理解,所以這兩個(gè)板塊中的studies也都更好背,因此我建議大家先做生物和認(rèn)知。
三、問(wèn)題與答法
通常SAQ以describe或explain開(kāi)頭,并以u(píng)sing one study結(jié)尾,例如“Explain neuroplasticity using one study”。但是SAQ的問(wèn)題詞其實(shí)不怎么重要,因?yàn)椴还苁莇escribe還是explain,回答套路都一樣,沒(méi)什么花樣。
首先,大家要牢牢記住,SAQ考的是對(duì)內(nèi)容的理解,而不是你的英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作能力,所以大家在寫(xiě)SAQ時(shí)不要太在意語(yǔ)法和拼寫(xiě)上的問(wèn)題,只要確??脊倌芏愕囊馑季蚾kay,不用精雕細(xì)琢。
下面用生物中的 “explain neuroplasticity using one study”來(lái)做一個(gè)例子。
1、解題-抓住問(wèn)題中表達(dá)所考知識(shí)點(diǎn)的關(guān)鍵詞
這個(gè)問(wèn)題的考點(diǎn)是neuroplasticity,神經(jīng)可塑性
2、解釋知識(shí)點(diǎn)-在SAQ的開(kāi)頭需要解釋所考的知識(shí)點(diǎn)來(lái)體現(xiàn)你掌握了這個(gè)知識(shí)板塊
Neuroplasticity is the brain’s ability to create new connections between neurons and breaking the old connections.
3、下面就要開(kāi)始用study來(lái)解釋以上的概念了
這時(shí)候我們可以使用東西太多記不?。繉W(xué)姐教你IB心理學(xué)萬(wàn)能背誦法!這篇文章中的模板??梢园错樞?,將各個(gè)部分連接起來(lái),組成一個(gè)回答,下面那個(gè)我將用以前分享過(guò)的一個(gè)模版的英文版來(lái)給大家示范一下高分SAQ的答法。因?yàn)镾AQ必須要評(píng)價(jià)study,所以我把最后的strength and limitation 部分給刪掉了
開(kāi)頭-解釋知識(shí)點(diǎn):Neuroplasticity refers to the brain’s ability to create new connections between neurons and breaking the old connections.引入studyOne study that explain neuroplasticity if Maguire et al.
回答主體:
Theaimof the study was to see whether the brains of London taxi drivers would be somehow different because of training that they have to do.
Method/Design(Maguire et al is a quasi-experiment in which the researchers took MRI scans of 50 right-handed male taxi drivers and compared them to those of 50 right-handed males who did not drive taxis.)
解釋procedure中是怎么控制變量的(By selecting a range of ages, the study controlled for age so that it would be a confounding variable. Furthermore, the selection of right-handed males also controlled for the effect gender and dexterity had on the brain.)
解釋procedure中的技術(shù)以及它們是怎樣在study中被利用的(MRI scans were interpreted using two different techniques: Voxel Based Morphometry (VBM) and pixel counting.VBM was used in this study to measure the density of grey matter in the brain.Pixel counting is counting the pixels in the images provided by the MRI scans to calculate the area of the hippocampus.)
結(jié)果(VBM showed that the volume of the right posterior hippocampi correlated with the amount of time spent as a taxi driver. The longer the time beng a taxi driver, the larger the volume of the right posterior hippocampi. Pixel counting revealed that the posterior hippocampi of taxi drivers were significantly larger relative to those of control subjects.)
In conclusion, Maguire et al provides support for neuroplasticity as the increase in size of the right demands, and the reduction in size of the frontal hippocampus indicates that it breaks old connections, thereby supporting neuroplasticity.
這個(gè)SAQ老師給了8/9分算是SAQ中比較高的了,而其他的SAQ思路也大同小異,都是同樣的套路,不一樣的內(nèi)容。
寫(xiě)在最后
總結(jié),以上就是SAQ的回答方法啦,當(dāng)然如果你記憶力強(qiáng),能夠記住更多procedure里的細(xì)節(jié),如單盲實(shí)驗(yàn)之類的,那你可以以盡情的秀,當(dāng)然在秀的時(shí)候各位同學(xué)別跑題了,時(shí)時(shí)刻刻問(wèn)自己是否在回答問(wèn)題!最后,希望大家能都在IB心理學(xué)大考中斬獲好成績(jī)!