Alevel經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)價(jià)格體系詞匯總結(jié)

Individual supply curve個(gè)人供給曲線

The supply curve of an individual producer.單個(gè)生產(chǎn)者供給某種產(chǎn)品的數(shù)量與其價(jià)格之間的關(guān)系。

Market supply curve市場(chǎng)供給曲線

The supply curve of all producers within the market. In a perfectly competitive market it can be calculated by summing the supply curves of individual producers.市場(chǎng)上全體生產(chǎn)者愿意生產(chǎn)某種產(chǎn)品的數(shù)量與其價(jià)格之間的關(guān)系。

producer surplus生產(chǎn)者剩余

The difference between the market price which firms receive and the price at which they are prepared to supply.生產(chǎn)者剩余等于廠商生產(chǎn)一種產(chǎn)品的總利潤加上補(bǔ)償給要素所有者超出和低于他們所要求的最小收益的數(shù)量。從幾何的角度看，它等于價(jià)格曲線之下、供給曲線之上的區(qū)域。

Supply供給

The quantity of goods that suppliers are willing to sell at any given price over a period of time.在一定時(shí)期內(nèi)生產(chǎn)者在任何價(jià)格水平上愿意出售的貨物的數(shù)量。

Equilibrium price均衡價(jià)格

The price at which there is no tendency to change because planned (or desired or ex ante) purchases (i.e. demand) are equal to planned sales (i.e. supply).

商品的供給曲線與需求曲線相交時(shí)的價(jià)格。

Excess demand過度需求

Where demand is greater than supply.

某種物品或者服務(wù)的市場(chǎng)需求超過了企業(yè)所能提供或者愿意提供的水平的一種需求