Alevel經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn)之一就是把我大體模塊知識(shí)點(diǎn)，用面帶點(diǎn)梳理思路會(huì)讓同學(xué)們的學(xué)習(xí)更搞笑，記憶的知識(shí)點(diǎn)也會(huì)更牢靠，本篇為大家梳理的是規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)中內(nèi)部規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)，同學(xué)們可用作參考形成思維導(dǎo)圖，一起來看看吧！

Economies of scale can be divided into internal and external economies 規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)可以分為內(nèi)部和外部經(jīng)濟(jì):

Internal economies of scale simply benefit a single business as it grows (i.e. its average cost of production starts to fall). 內(nèi)部規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)只是使單個(gè)企業(yè)在發(fā)展中受益（即其平均生產(chǎn)成本開始下降）。

External economies of scale, however, benefit all the businesses in a particular industry (i.e. the average cost of production will fall for all the businesses in a particular industry). 而外部規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)則使某一行業(yè)的所有企業(yè)受益（即某一行業(yè)的所有企業(yè)的平均生產(chǎn)成本將下降）。

Internal economies of scale 內(nèi)部規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)

Internal economies of scale fall into four main categories

內(nèi)部規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)主要分為四類:

Technical. This refers to the fact that the use of automated equipment and machinery to produce output is far more cost-effective than using labour, since the machinery can be used 24 hours a day, with no breaks and with a constant level of output per hour.

技術(shù)性。這指的是使用自動(dòng)化設(shè)備和機(jī)器來生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)出遠(yuǎn)比使用勞動(dòng)力更具成本效益，因?yàn)闄C(jī)器可以一天24小時(shí)使用，沒有休息，每小時(shí)的產(chǎn)出水平恒定。

Purchasing. Larger businesses are more likely to be able to bulk-buy their supplies and their raw materials, and therefore secure their supplies at a far lower cost per unit than a smaller business.

采購(gòu)。大型企業(yè)更有可能批量購(gòu)買他們的供應(yīng)品和原材料，因此確保他們的供應(yīng)品的單位成本遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于小型企業(yè)。

Financial. Banks and other financial institutions are more likely to offer a lower rate of interest on a loan repayment to a larger business than to a smaller business, since the larger business represents less of a risk because it is more financially secure.

金融。銀行和其他金融機(jī)構(gòu)更有可能為大型企業(yè)提供比小型企業(yè)更低的貸款償還利率，因?yàn)榇笮推髽I(yè)代表著較小的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗谪?cái)務(wù)上更安全。

Managerial. Larger businesses are more likely to be able to afford to employ managers who are specialists in a particular field. These managers can therefore devote all their time to specializing in one particular field (resulting in higher levels of efficiency and hopefully falling average costs). Smaller businesses will often employ managers who have to perform a variety of tasks and therefore cannot specialize in a single area of the business.

管理方面。規(guī)模較大的企業(yè)更有可能雇用得起某一領(lǐng)域的專家經(jīng)理。因此，這些經(jīng)理人可以把他們所有的時(shí)間都投入到某一特定領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)工作中（導(dǎo)致更高的效率水平，并希望平均成本下降）。較小的企業(yè)通常會(huì)雇用必須執(zhí)行各種任務(wù)的經(jīng)理人，因此不能在企業(yè)的某一領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行專門研究。

以上是小編為大家總結(jié)的Alevel經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)知識(shí)點(diǎn)。希望對(duì)大家有所幫助，祝各位同學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)有成金榜題名！如有更多Alevel課程輔導(dǎo)的需要，歡迎聯(lián)系在線客服老師，會(huì)獲得更專業(yè)的指導(dǎo)~

【微語】留學(xué)是一個(gè)人的修行，在這里你看到了不同文化背景下的人生百態(tài)。